FORENSIC SCIENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following sources are referenced in Principles and Practice of Criminalistics: The Profession of Forensic Science. Links are provided for those books currently in print. Second-hand copies of out-of-print volumes may frequently be obtained through Bookfinder.com. Where a web site was the source, the URL is provided.


Books Color

Aitken, L., and Stoney, D., Eds., The Use of Statistics in Forensic Science, Ellis Horwood, Chichester, West Sussex, U.K., 1991.

Ashbaugh, D. R., Quantitative-Qualitative Friction Ridge Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Ridgeology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2000.

ASTM, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 14.0, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, 2000.

Bacon, F., The Great Instauration. Originally published 1620, The Great Instauration and the New Atlantis, Weinberger, J., Ed. AMH Publishing Co., Arlington Heights, IL, 1980.

Bevel, T., Gardner, R. M., Bevel, V. T., Bloodstain pattern analysis: with an introduction to crime scene reconstruction, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1997.

Block, E. B., Science vs. Crime: The Evolution of the Police Lab, Cragmont Publications, San Francisco, 1979.

Block, E. B., The Wizard of Berkeley, Coward-McCann, New York, 1958.

Bodziak, W. J.,. Footwear Impression Evidence, Elsevier, New York, 1990. (current edition, 1999)

Burge, M., and Burger, W., Ear biometrics, in Biometrics: Personal Identification in a Networked Society, Jain, A. K., Bolle, R., and Pankanti, S., Eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1999.

Cassidy, M. J., Footwear Identification, Canadian Government Printing Center, Quebec, 1980.

Cooper C., L. and Sheppard S. R., Mockery of Justice: The True Story of the Sheppard Murder Case. Northeastern University Press, Boston, 1995.

Culliford, B. J., The Examination and Typing of Bloodstains in the Crime Laboratory. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1971.

Cuthbert, C. R. M., Science and the Detection of Crime, Hutchinson, London, 1958.

Davies, G., Forensic Science, American Chemical Society, 1986.

Decartes, R. Discourse on Method, 1637.

DeForest, P., Lee, H., Gaensslen, R., Forensic Science: An Introduction to Criminalistics, McGraw Hill, New York, 1983.

Eckert, W. G., James S. H., Interpretation of Bloodstain Evidence at Crime Scenes, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1989

Else, W. M. and Garrow, J. M., The Detection of Crime, published at the office of The Police Journal, London, U.K., 1934.

Evett, I. W., and Weir, B. S., Interpreting DNA evidence, Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, MA, 1998.

Fisher, B. J., Techniques of Crime Scene Investigation, 5th ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1992. (current edition, 2000)

Fisher, R. A., The Design of Experiments, Oliver and Boyd, London, 1949.

Gaensslen, R. E., Ed., Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Unit IX: Translations of Selected Contributions to the Original Literature of Medicolegal Examination of Blood and Body Fluids, National Institute of Justice, Washington, D.C., 1983.

Gaensslen, R. E., Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1983.

Galton, F., Finger Prints, Macmillan, London, 1892.

Geberth, V. J., Ed., Practical Homicide Investigation: Tactics, Procedures and Forensic Techniques, 3rd edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1996.

Goddard, K. W., Crime Scene Investigation, Reston Publishing Company, Reston, VA, 1977.

Grant, J., Science for the Prosecution, Chapman & Hall, London, 1941.

Haight, F., California Courtroom Evidence, 4th ed. Parker Publications Division, Carlsbad, CA., 1996.

Hayakawa, S. I., Language in Thought and Action, Harcourt, Brace and Co., New York, 1939.

Heinlein, R. A., Stranger in a Strange Land, Ace Books, New York, 1961.

Hofstadter, D. R., Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid. Basic Books Inc., New York, 1979.

Holmes, P. A., Retrial; Murder and Dr. Sam Sheppard, Bantam Books, New York, 1966.

Holmes, P. A., The Sheppard Murder Case, McKay, New York, 1961.

Griffiths, A. J. F., Miller, J. H., Suzuki, D. T., Lewontin, R. C., and Gelbart, W. M., An Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 5th Edition, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 1993.

Gross, H., Criminal Investigation, 1891.

Hatcher, J. S., Jury, F. J., and Weller, J., Firearms Investigation, Identification, and Evidence, Samworth, T. G., Ed. The Stackpole Co., Harrisburg, PA, 1957.

Horgan, J., The End of Science, Addison-Wesley, New York, 1996.

Jeffreys, H. Theory of Probability. Oxford University Press, 1983.

Jones, L. V. and Gabard C., Scientific Investigation and Physical Evidence; Handbook for Investigators, Charles C. Thomas, Massachusetts, 1959.

Kaye, D. H., What is Bayesianism? in Probability and Inference in the Law of Evidence: The Limits of Bayesianism, P. Tillers and E. Green, eds., D. Reidel Publishing Co., Boston, 1988.

Kind, S. and Overman, M., Science against Crime, Aldus Book Limited, published by Doubleday in the U.S., 1972.

Homewood, S. L., Oleksow, D. L. and Leaver, W .L., Questioned Document Evidence, in Forensic Evidence, California District Attorneys Association, 1999.

Kirk, P. L., Crime Investigation, 1st ed., Interscience, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1953.

Kirk, P. L., Crime Investigation, 2nd ed., Thornton, J., Ed., Krieger Publishing Co. (by arrangement with John Wiley and Sons), Malabar FL, 1974.

Lewin, B., Genes VI, Oxford University Press, New York, 1997.

Lindley, D. V., Probability, in The Use of Statistics in Forensic Science Aitken, C., and Stoney, D., Eds., Ellis Horwood, Chichester, West, Sussex, U.K. 1991.

Locard, E., L'Enquete Criminelle et les Methodes Scientifique, Ernest Flammarion, Paris, 1920.

Locard, E., Manuel de Tachnique Policiere, Payot, Paris, 1923.

Locard, E., Traité de Criminalistique, J. Desvigne, Lyon, 1931-1940.

Loftus, E. F., Eyewitness Testimony, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996.

Morland, N., An Outline of Scientific Criminology, Philosophical Library, New York, 1950.

Mullin, C., Error of Judgement: The Truth about the Birmingham bombings, Chatto & Windus Ltd., London, 1986.

May, L. S., Crime’s Nemesis, MacMillon, New York, 1936.

Murdock, J. E. and Biasotti, A. A., The scientific basis of firearms and toolmark identification, in Firearms and toolmark identification, in Modern Scientific Evidence, Faigman, D. L., et al Eds., West Law, San Francisco, 1997.

Nickolls, L.C. The Scientific Investigation of Crime. Butterworth, London, 1956.

O’Hara, C. E. and Osterburg, J.W. An Introduction to Criminalistics; The Application of the Physical Sciences to the Detection of Crime. MacMillan, New York 1949.

Ogle, R. R., Jr., Crime Scene Investigation and Physical Evidence Manual, Ogle, R. R., Jr., 1995.

Osterburg, J.W., The Crime Laboratory; Case Studies of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1968.

National Research Council, Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science, DNA Technology in Forensic Science, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1992.

National Research Council, Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science, The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1996.

Popper, K. R., Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge, Basic Books, New York, 1962.

Ragle, L., Crime Scene, Avon Books, New York, 1995.

Robertson B., and Vignaux, G. A., Interpreting Evidence, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1995.

Saferstein, R., Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Science, 6th ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood, Cliffs, NJ, 1998. (currrent edition, 2000)

Saferstein, R., Forensic Science Handbook, Vol. 1, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1981.

Sheppard, S. A. with Holmes, P., My Brother’s Keeper, McKay, New York, 1964.

Sheppard, S. H. with Holmes, P., Endure and Conquer, World Pub. Co., Cleveland, 1966.

Stoney, D. A., The Use of Statistics in Forensic Science, Aitken, C., and Stoney, D., Eds., Ellis Horwood, Chichester, West Sussex, U.K., 1991.

Stoney, D. A., Transfer evidence, in The Use of Statistics in Forensic Science Aitken, C., and Stoney, D., Eds., Ellis Horwood, Chichester, West Sussex, U.K., 1991.

Svensson, A. and Wendel, O., Crime Detection, Elsevier, 1955.

Thorwald, J. T., Crime and Science, Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York, 1966, Translation, Richard and Clara Winston.

Thorwald, J. T., The Century of the Detective, Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York, 1964, Translation, Richard and Clara Winston, 1965.

Tuthill, H., Individualization: Principles and Procedures in Criminalistics. Lightening Powder Company, Salem, OR, 1994.

Van Heerden, T. J., Criminalistics, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk, Pretoria, 1982.

Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Gramercy Books, New York, 1996.

Williams, E.W., Modern law enforcement and police science. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, MA, 1967.

Wilson, E.O., Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge, Knopf, New York, 1998.


Stories

Doyle, A. C., A Study in Scarlet, Beeton’s Christmas Annual, 1887. (also at http://CIT1.CITSOFT.COM/holmes3.html)

Doyle, A. C., Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: The Red-headed League, The Strand Magazine, 1891. (also at http://CIT1.CITSOFT.COM/holmes3.html)

Doyle, A. C., Boscombe valley mystery, The Strand Magazine, 1891. (also at http://CIT1.CITSOFT.COM/holmes3.html)

Doyle, A. C., The Adventure of the Cardboard Box, The Strand Magazine, 1893. (also at http://CIT1.CITSOFT.COM/holmes3.html)

Doyle, A. C., The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: A Scandal in Bohemia, The Strand Magazine, 1891. (also at http://CIT1.CITSOFT.COM/holmes3.html)

Poe, E.A., The murders in the rue morgue, Graham's Magazine, 1841. (also at http://pambytes.com/poe/poe.html)

Poe, E.A., The Purloined Letter, The Gift, 1845. (also at http://pambytes.com/poe/poe.html)

Twain, M., (a.k.a. Samuel Clemens), The tragedy of Puddin’head Wilson, Century Magazine, 1894.

Voltaire, F., Zadig, 1748.


Journal Articles

Allard, J. E., Wiggins, Kenneth G., The evidential value of fabric car seats and car seat covers, J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 27(2), 93-101, 1987.

Biasotti, A., A statistical study of the individual characteristics of fired bullets. J. Forensic Sci., 4(1), 133-40, 1959.

Ceccaldi, P. F., From crime to evidence, Int. Police J., 1974.

Chisum, W. J., Crime Scene Reconstruction, California Department of Justice Firearm/Toolmark Training Syllabus, reprinted in the AFTE Journal, 23(2) 1991.

Cole, S., What counts for identity? The historical origins of the methodology of latent fingerprint identification, Sci. in Context, 12(1), 139, 1999.

Cole, S., Witnessing identification: Latent fingerprinting evidence and expert knowledge, Soc. Stud. of Sci., 28(5-6), 687, 1998.

Cook, R., et al., A hierarchy of propositions: deciding which level to address in casework. Sci. Justice 38(4), 231-239. 1998b.

Cook, R., et al., A model for case assessment and interpretation. Sci. Justice 38(3), 151-156. 1998a.

Cordiner, S. J., Stringer, P., and Wilson, P. D., Fiber diameter and the transfer of wool fiber. J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 25(6), 425-426, 1985.

Coxon, A., Grieve, M., and Dunlop, J., A method of assessing the fibre shedding potential of fabrics, J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 32(2), 151-158, 1992.

Curran, J. M., Triggs, C. M. and Buckleton, J. S., Sampling in forensic comparison problems, Sci. Justice 38(2), 101-107. 1998.

Deadman, H. A., Fiber evidence and the Wayne Williams trial: Conclusion, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 53 (5) 10-19, 1984b.

Deadman, H. A., Fiber evidence and the Wayne Williams trial: Part I, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 53 (3) 12-20, 1984a.

Deadman, H. A, Fiber evidence and the Wayne Williams trial, Part II, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 53(5), 10-19, 1984b.

Dillon, D., A History of Criminalistics in the United States 1850-1950, Doctor of Criminology Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 1977.

Evett, I. Expert evidence and forensic misconceptions of the nature of exact science. Sc. Justice, 36(2); 118-122 1996.

Evett, I., What is the probability that this blood came from that person? A, meaningful question?, J. Forensic. Sci. Soc., 23, 35, 1983.

Faulds, H., On the skin furrows of the hand, Nature, 22, 605, 1880.

Fernandez-Rodriguez, A., et al., Microbial DNA challenge studies of PCR-based systems used in forensic genetics. Adv. in Forensic Haemogenet. 6, 177-179, 1996.

Fregeau C. J., Bowen K. L., and Fourney R. M., Validation of Highly Polymorphic Fluorescent Multiplex Short Tandem Repeat Systems Using Two Generations of DNA Sequencers, J. Forensic Sci., 44(1), 133, 1999.

Fregeau, C. J., and Fourney, R. M., DNA typing with fluorescently tagged short tandem repeats: a sensitive and accurate approach to human identification. Biotechniques 15 (1) 1993.

Furton, K. G., Hsu, Y. L., and Cole, M. D., What educational background do crime laboratory directors require from applicants? J. Forensic. Sci.; 44(1): 128-132, 1999.

Galton, F., Personal Identification and Description II, Nature, 38, 201-202, 1888.

Gaudette, B. D., A supplementary discussion of probabilities and human hair comparisons, J. Forensic Sci., 27 (2) 279-289, 1982.

Gaudette, B. D., Some further thoughts on probabilities and human hair comparisons, J. Forensic Sci., 23, 758, 1978.

Gill P., et al., Report of the European DNA Profiling Group (EDNAP) Towards Standardization of Short Tandem Repeat Loci, Forensic Sci, Int., 65, 1994.

Grieve, M. C., Biermann, T. W., The population of coloured textile fibres on outdoor surfaces, Sci. Justice, 37(4), 231-239, 1997.

Gross, A. M., Harris K. A., and Kaldun, G. L., The effect of luminol on presumptive tests and DNA analysis using the polymerase chain reaction, J. Forensic Sci., 44(4), 837, 1999.

Home, J. M. and Dudley, R. J., A summary of data obtained from a collection of fibres from casework materials, J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 20, 253-261, 1980.

Horrocks, M., Coulson S, A., and Walsh K. A. J., Forensic Palynology: Variation in the Pollen Content of Soil On Shoes and in Shoeprints in Soil, J. Forensic Sci., 44 (1) 119-122, 1999.

Houck, M. and Siegal, J., A large scale fiber transfer study, paper presented at the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, Orlando, FL, February, 1999.

Israel National Police, International Symposium on Fingerprint Detection and Identification, J. Forensic Identification, 45, 578-84, 1995.

Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, V. and Thein, S. L., Individual-specific ‘fingerprints’ of human DNA. Nature, 316(4), 76, 1985.

Kalia, R. K., et. al., Role of ultrafine microstructures in dynamic fracture in nanophase silicon nitride. Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 2144-2147, 1997.

Kidd, C. B. M., Robertson, J., The transfer of textile fibers during simulated contacts, J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 22(3), 301-308, 1982.

Kingston, C. R., and Kirk, P. L., Historical development and evaluation of the "12 point rule" in fingerprint identification, Int. Criminal Police Rev., 186, 62-69, 1965.

Kirk, P. L., The ontogeny of criminalistics, J. Criminal Law, Criminol., Police Sci., 54, 235-238, 1963.

Kline, M. C., and Jenkins B., Non-Amplification of a vWA Allele, J. Forensic Sci., 43 (1) 250, 1998.

Koehler, A, Techniques used in tracing of the Lindbergh kidnappping ladder, Police Science, 27(5), 1937.

Locard, E., Dust and its analysis, Police J. 1, 177, 1928.

Locard, E., The analysis of dust traces, Part I-III, Am. J. Police Sci. 1, 276, 401, 496, 1930.

Maddock, J., No evidence for cold fusion neutrons, Nature, 340, 1989.

May, L. S., The identification of knives, tools and instruments, a positive science, Am. Police J. 1, 246, 1930.

Mullis, K. B., et al., Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: The polymerase chain reaction, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51, 263-273, 1986.

Naess, A., Book review, New Scientist, August, 1998.

Neyman, J. and Pearson, E. S.. On the use and interpretation of certain test criteria for purposes of statistical inference, Part I and II, Biometrika, 20, 174-240, 263-294, 1928.

Nichols, R.G., Firearm and toolmark identification criteria: a review of the literature, J. Forensic Sci., 42(3), 466-474, 1997.

Nordby, J. J., Can we believe what we see, if we see what we believe? — Expert disagreement, J. Forensic Sci., 37(4) 1115-1124, 1992.

Palmer, R. and Chinherende, V., A target fiber study using cinema and car seats as recipient items, J. Forensic Sci., 41, 802-803, 1996.

Parybyk, A. E., Lokan, R. J., A study of the numerical distribution of fibers transferred from blended fabrics, J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 26(1), 61-68, 1986.

Pounds, C. A., Smalldon, K. W., The transfer of fibers between clothing materials during simulated contacts and their persistence during wear: part I: fiber transference, HOCRE Report, Aldermaston: Home Office Central Research Establishment, 1975a.

Pounds, C. A., Smalldon, K. W., The transfer of fibers between clothing materials during simulated contacts and their persistence during wear: part II: fiber persistence, HOCRE Report, Aldermaston: Home Office Central Research Establishment, 1975b.

Pounds, C. A., Smalldon, K. W., The transfer of fibers between clothing materials during simulated contacts and their persistence during wear: part III: a preliminary investigation of the mechanisms involved, HOCRE Report, Aldermaston: Home Office Central Research Establishment, 1975c.

Robertson, J. Kidd, C. B. M., Parkinson, H, M. P., The persistence of textile fibers transferred during simulated contacts J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 22(4), 353-360, 1982.

Robertson, J., Lloyd, A. K., Observations on redistribution of textile fibers J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 24(1), 3-7, 1984.

Roux, C., Margot, P., An attempt to assess the relevance of textile fibres recovered from car seats, Sci. Justice: J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 37(4), 225-230, 1997.

Saiki, R. K. et al., Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia, Science, 230, 1350, 1985.

Selavka, C., ABC Update—A time of extension, ABC Certification news, 6(1) 1999.

Shannon, C. E., A mathematical theory of communication, Bell Syst. Tech. J., 27, 379-423, 623-656, 1948.

Sheilds, W. M., The validation of novel DNA typing techniques for forensic use: Peer review and validity of the FBI’s validation studies of PCR amplification and automated sequencing of mitochondrial DNA. Unpublished draft, 1998.

Siegel, J. A., The appropriate educational background for entry level forensic scientists: a survey of practitioners. J. Forensic Sci., 33:1065-8, 1988.

Smith, W.C., Kinney, R., Departee, D., Latent Fingerprints — a Forensic Approach. J. of Forensic Identification, 43(6) 563-570, 1993.

Solbello L., Application of PLM in the Industrial Minerals Laboratory, paper presented Inter/Micro 99, Chicago, IL, July 1999.

Stoney, D. A. and Thornton, J. I., A Critical analysis of quantitative fingerprint individuality models, J. Forensic Sci., 31(4), 1187-1216, 1986a.

Stoney, D. A. and Thornton, J. I., A method for the description of minutia pairs in epidermal ridge patterns, J. Forensic Sci., 31(4), 1217-1234, 1986b.

Stoney, D. A., A medical model for criminalistics education, J. Forensic Sci., 33 (4), 1086-94, 1988.

Stoney, D. A., and Thornton, J. I., A systematic study of epidermal ridge minutiae, J. Forensic Sci., 32(5), 1182-1203, 1987.

Stoney, D. A., Criminalistics in the new millennium, The CACNews, 1st Quarter, 2000.

Stoney, D. A., Evaluation of associative evidence: choosing the relevant question, J. Forensic Sci. Soc., 24, 472-482, 1984.

Stoney, D. A., What made us ever think we could individualize using statistics? J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 3(2), 197-199, 1991.

Taroni, F. Champod, C. and Margot, P., Forerunners of Bayesianism in early forensic science. Jurimetrics, 38; 183-200 1998.

Taroni, F. Probalistic reasoning in the law. Part 2: assessment of probabilities and explanation of the value of trace evidence other than DNA, Sci. Justice, 38, 179-188, 1998.

Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods, Guidelines for a Quality Assurance Program for DNA Analysis, Crime Lab. Dig., 22 (2), 21-43, 1995.

Thompson, W. C. and Schumann, E. L., Interpretation of statistical evidence in criminal trials: The prosecutor's fallacy and the defense attorney's fallacy, Law and Human Behavior, 11, 167-187, 1987.

Thornton, J. I., Ensembles of class characteristics in physical evidence examination, J. Forensic Sci., 31 (2) 501-503, 1986b.

Thornton, J. I., The snowflake paradigm, J. Forensic Sci., 31 (2) 399-401, 1986a.

Thornton, J., The DNA statistical paradigm vs. everything else, Correspondance, J. Forensic Sci., 42(4) 758, 1997.

Tulleners, F. A. J., Giusto, M., Striae reproducibility on sectional cuts of one Thompson Contender barrel, AFTE J. 30(1) 62-81, 1998.

Walsh, S. Commentary on Kline MC, Jenkins B, Rogers S. Non-Amplification of a vWA Allele, J. Forensic Sci., 43 (5) 1103, 1998.

Zeppa, J. E., The Primary Examiner, paper presented at the Spring meeting of the California Association of Criminalists, Oakland, CA, 1999.


Legal Documents

Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceuticals, 509 U. S., 1993.

Frye v. United States, 54 App. D.C. 46, 47, 293 F. 1013, 1014, 1923.

Kumho Tire Co., Ltd., et al. v. Carmichael. 97-1709 U.S., 1999.

People v. Axell, 235 Cal.App. 3d 836, 1991

People v. Maclanahan, San Francisco SCN 16241, California, 1998.

People v. Morganti, 43 Cal. App. 4th 643, 1996.

Kirk, P., Affidavit in the matter of Marilyn Sheppard, 1955.


URLs

American Board of Criminalistics (ABC), GKE Examination Philosophy. http://www.criminalistics.com/ABC/abc002.htm

American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors—Laboratory Accreditation Board. http://www.ascld-lab.org/

Bromwich, M, R., et al., USDOJ/OIG Special Report, The FBI Laboratory: An Investigation into Laboratory Practices and Alleged Misconduct in Explosives-Related and Other Cases,1997. http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/fbilab1/fbil1toc.htm

Commission on Proceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin, The Honourable Fred Kaufman, C.M., Q.C., Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1998. http://www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.on.ca/reports.html

Federal Rules of Evidence, Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School, 1999. http://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/fre/overview.html

Garrison, D. H., Jr., Shooting Reconstruction vs. Shooting Reenactment [Originally published in the AFTE Journal, 1993. http://www.chem.vt.edu/ethics/garrison/shooting.html

German, E., The History of Fingerprints, http://www.onin.com/fp/fphistory.html

Houck, M., Statistics and Trace Evidence: The Tyranny of Numbers, Forensic Science Communications, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Virginia 1(3), 1999b. http://www.fbi.gov/programs/lab/fsc/current/houck.htm

Lavie, M., The Associated Press, Tel Aviv, Israel, July 5, 1999 http://abcnews.go.com/sections/world/DailyNews/sheinbein990705.html

McCrary, G. O., Report for the State of Ohio in the civil suit of The Estate of Samuel H. Sheppard v. The State of Ohio. December, 1999. http://www.courttv.com/national/2000/0131/mccrary_ctv.html

Moenssons, A., Lip Print Identification Anyone? (on People v. Davis —Ill.), 1999. http://www.forensic-evidence.com/site/ID00004_10.html

Moore, G., Brief History of Fingerprint Identification, http://onin.com/fp/fphistory.html.

National Forensic Science Technology Center (NFSTC). http://www.nfstc.org/

People v. Simpson, CNN trial transcripts. http://www.cnn.com/US/OJ/trial/

Railton S., University of Virginia, Mark Twain in his Times, Puddin’head Wilson sources, http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/railton/wilson/pwsrcs.html

Stark, P. B., SticiGui© Glossary of Statistical Terms, 2000. http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~stark/SticiGui/Text/gloss.htm#n

Tahir, M., Laboratory examination reports, Case #76629, 1997, 1999. http://www.courttv.com/trials/sheppard/DNA_ctv.html

Thinkquest Chemystery page, Introduction to Thermodynamics, ref. Atkins, P., General Chemistry, 1996. http://library.thinkquest.org/3659/thermodyn/intro.html

Uniform Rules of Evidence, University of Pennsylvania Law School, 1998. http://www.law.upenn.edu/bll/ulc/fnact99/ure88.html.

United States of America v. Terry Nichols, CNN trial transcripts, 1997. http://europe.cnn.com/US/9703/okc.trial/transcripts/

van der Lugt, C., Ear Identification: State of the Art, paper presented at the Conference for Shoe print and Toolmark examiners, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, 1997. Crime & Clues, http://crimeandclues.com/earprint.html

Zamora, J. H., Lab scandal jeopardizes integrity of S.F. justice: Sting uncovered bogus certification. San Francisco Examiner, 1994. http://www.catalog.com/hopkins/hemp/lab-scandal.html

Zamora, J. H., Procedure glitch undoes drug cases. San Francisco Examiner, 2000. http://www.examiner.com/000209/0209chemists.html


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